AMERICAN PERIOD
OBJECTIVES:
1. Determine the historical struggles of the Filipinos for national independence and development.
2. For a deeper understanding of the establishment of government, economy, socio-cultural conditions during the American Period ;
3. Identification of American influences in the different areas of society(Political, economic, socio-cultural, technological)
Summary
Establishment of American control in the Philippines/ U.S. Policies
American colonial and imperial rule, just like Spanish colonialism was not an accident of history. Months after the American victory in the Spanish American War, events developed exhibiting the interest of the United States in world power, advancing itself as an imperialist nation. The Treaty of Paris was signed in December 10, 1898, stating that Spain shall cede Spanish colonies to the United States. The Philippines was turned over to the U.S. for $20,000.
The Americans established military government in 1898 and a civil government after Pres. Emilio Aguinaldo was captured. The Philippine Commision (1901), Philippine Assembly (1907) and Philippine Legislature(1916) were established. The Benevolent Assimilation Proclamation of President Mckinley meant a U.S. enforcement of sovereignty in the Philippines. Reforms were instituted in education, reorganization and representation in government (democracy), public health, public works and Free Trade. Through the Spooner Amendment and leadership of William Howard Taft many laws were passed (Municipal code, Civil code, Sedition Law, Brigandage Act, Flag Law, Reconcentration Act) to pacify the Filipinos’ struggle for independence against American colonial Rule.
Armed struggle and resistance groups continued in various parts of the country (i.e. Diliman Gang, Macario Sakay, Moros, Pulajanes of Cebu, Ricarte Movement, Apo Ipe, Dios Dios in Samar).
